論文 - 福本　幸弘

海中における伝送特性を用いた Wavelet-OFDM 通信の通信速度推定

元村 史龍, 仙波 拓人, 桑原 堅誠, 脇坂 俊幸, 松嶋 徹, 福本 幸弘

エレクトロニクス実装学術講演大会講演論文集 ( 一般社団法人エレクトロニクス実装学会 )   37 ( 0 )   14A5-4   2023年03月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

DOI： 10.11486/ejisso.37.0_14a5-4

CiNii Research

Underwater Live Video Streaming Experiment Using Radio Frequency Communication for AUVs 査読有り 国際誌

Alahmad Raji, Nishida Yuya, Ishii Kazuo, Fukumoto Yuki, Matsushima Tohlu

人工生命とロボットに関する国際会議予稿集 ( 株式会社ALife Robotics )   28   497 - 501   2023年02月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) require long-distance communication, especially in the deep sea. Radiofrequency (RF) communication provides a high data rate. However, electromagnetic wave is seriously limited by high attenuation in the water medium. In this study, we investigate Radiofrequency communication in seawater. The experiment results show the effects of the distance between the transmitter and receiver, and the stability of the antennas. We achieved HD video transmission with 25fps.

DOI： 10.5954/icarob.2023.os21-1

CiNii Research

Experimental Study of Underwater RF Communication for Live Video Transmission for AUVs Application 査読有り

Alahmad Raji, Ishii Kazuo, Nishida Yuya, Fukumoto Yuki, Matsushima Tohlu

Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life ( 株式会社 ALife Robotics )   10 ( 1 )   84 - 90   2023年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) require long-distance communication, especially in the deep sea. Acoustics communication and wireless optical communication have limitations of low latency and water conditions effects respectively. Radiofrequency (RF) communication provides a high data rate with free orientation of the transmitter/receiver antennas. However, electromagnetic waves are highly restricted by high attenuation over short distances in the underwater medium. In this study, we investigated the RF communication in a tank full of seawater. A loop antenna and rectangular antenna were used for the base station and AUV respectively. The experiments were conducted to measure the transmission rate with different distances between the base station and the AUV using both User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP). Live video streaming with framerate analysis was considered. The results show the effect of the distance between the transmitter and receiver on the transmission rate, in addition, to the antenna's stability has huge effects on the connection stability. We successfully achieved a High-Definition (HD) video streaming with 25fps for over 1 meter.

DOI： 10.57417/jrnal.10.1_84

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CiNii Research

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Underwater Live Video Streaming Experiment Using Radio Frequency Communication for AUVs 査読有り

Alahmad R., Nishida Y., Ishii K., Fukumoto Y., Matsushima T.

Proceedings of International Conference on Artificial Life and Robotics   499 - 503   2023年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) require long-distance communication, especially in the deep sea. Radiofrequency (RF) communication provides a high data rate. However, electromagnetic wave is seriously limited by high attenuation in the water medium. In this study, we investigate Radiofrequency communication in seawater. The experiment results show the effects of the distance between the transmitter and receiver, and the stability of the antennas. We achieved HD video transmission with 25fps.

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Experimental Study of Wavelet-OFDM Radio Communication System for AUVs Under Seawater 査読有り

Hasaba R., Eguchi K., Wakisaka T., Satoh H., Hirokawa J., Hirose M., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y., Nishida Y., Ishii K.

17th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2023   2023年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

AUVs are used for marine resource exploration, and although acoustic, laser, etc., are often used for wireless communication for AUVs, wireless communication using RF signals is being studied. By placing the VNA in a waterproof container, we measured the insertion loss between the antennas under seawater and obtained good results with simulation results. Furthermore, using a Wavelet-OFDM module as the communication method, a maximum communication speed of 6.8 Mbps was achieved with the antennas embedded in the AUV immersed in seawater.

DOI： 10.23919/EuCAP57121.2023.10133725

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Comparison of Suppression Effect by CMF for UTP and STP Lines Using Chain Parameter Matrix 査読有り 国際誌

Kuwabara N., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

2023 IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Signal/Power Integrity, EMC+SIPI 2023   196 - 201   2023年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Common-mode filter (CMF) is a vital device to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and the analysis of the CMF effect is essential to improve the design quality of EMC. This paper analyzes the suppression effect of CMF used for telecommunication lines using a chain parameter matrix. The chain parameter matrix represented the CMF and the interface cable, and the S21 at the far end of the cable was calculated. The analytical method was validated by comparing measurements using unshielded twisted pair (UTP) and shielded twisted pair (STP) cables. The results showed that the analysis method was appropriate for analyzing the suppression effect. Using the analysis method, the suppression effect was evaluated by the common mode (CM) current at the cable input and the radiated electric field. The result showed that the characteristic impedance and the transmission loss of the CM transmission line affect the suppression effect. The result also showed that the suppression effect by the radiated electric field could be estimated from the suppression effect by the CM current at the cable input.

DOI： 10.1109/EMCSIPI50001.2023.10241556

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Common-mode Current Converted from PLC Signal in Three-phase Distribution Network with Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker 査読有り 国際誌

Enoki R., Wakisaka T., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility   2023-September   2023年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

It is known that power line communication (PLC) works across different phases in a three-wire three-phase distribution system; even through the pairs of lines for each phase are not physically connected. This research focuses on the distribution boards in the power distribution network and evaluates the effect on PLC of an earth leakage circuit breaker(ELCB) attached to the boards. The results of an evaluation of the common-mode current with and without the ELCB showed that it increased with the ELCB. Resonance in our setup occured at 20 MHz. A simulation analysis showed that the capacitor connecting the two wires at both ends of the ELCB contributed to the resonance.

DOI： 10.1109/EMCEurope57790.2023.10274371

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Analysis of Common-mode Voltage during Switching of Individual IGBTs in Three-phase Inverter 査読有り 国際誌

Fujimura M., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y., Takada K., Kobayashi K.

IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility   2023-September   2023年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

The impedance-balancing method is a way of reducing common-mode voltage. However, when it is applied to a three-phase inverter circuit, the inductances of the two conductor lines supplying the power affect the common-mode voltage. Here, we investigated the effect of the inductance of the conductor lines supplying power on the common-mode voltage in the impedance balancing method by using a circuit simulation. The results show that when the balance of the inductances of the two conductor lines changes, the value of the balancing element that reduces the common-mode voltage also changes. An analysis of the common-mode voltage during individual switching of the insulated-gate bipolar transistors constituting the three-phase inverter shows that it is reduced under all switching conditions.

DOI： 10.1109/EMCEurope57790.2023.10274203

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Evaluation of Transmission Attenuation in Glass with Varying Angle of Incidence for 28 GHz Band 査読有り 国際誌

Tsunenari S., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC   491 - 493   2023年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

With angle of incidence, The authors evaluated how the variation of transmission attenuation to glass for radio waves in the 28 GHz band used in 5G communication. As a result, we observed that the transmission attenuation tends to decrease as the angle of incidence increases for horizontal magnetic field polarization to the glass. In contrast, for horizontal electric field polarization to the glass, the transmission attenuation tends to increase as the angle of incidence increases. Additionally, we observed the variation of transmission attenuation with angle of incidence was different, even for samples with close transmission attenuation at the frontal angle. A variation of approximately 1.7 dB in transmission attenuation was observed within the range of 0 to 45 degrees for both horizontal magnetic field polarization and horizontal electric field polarization, in all samples except for Low-E Glass. Furthermore, the range of variation in transmission attenuation with angle of incidence was shown to be broad, comparable to the minimum transmission attenuation observed for each sample. In the case of Low-E Glass, approximately 8 dB variation was observed within measured range. These results highlight the importance of considering more detailed sample characteristics and varying angle of incidence when evaluating and designing radio wave propagation paths.

DOI： 10.1109/APMC57107.2023.10439778

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近距離無線通信コイルアンテナ間の伝送特性の解析法

脇坂 俊幸, 桑原 堅誠, 仙波 拓人, 松嶋 徹, 福本 幸弘

エレクトロニクス実装学会誌 ( 一般社団法人エレクトロニクス実装学会 )   25 ( 4 )   309 - 313   2022年07月

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担当区分：最終著者,　責任著者   記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）

DOI： 10.5104/jiep.25.309

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CiNii Research

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Communication Distance Estimation for Power Line Communication Using Various Differently Constituted Power Cables 査読有り

Fukumoto Y., Oshikawa K., Matsushima T., Kuwabara N., Wakisaka T.

IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering   17 ( 4 )   498 - 505   2022年04月

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The use of PLC (power line communication) is growing as the adoption of IoT technology becomes more widespread. However, the maximum communication distance between PLC modems cannot yet be clearly defined since the communication characteristics of the power lines used for PLC are not formally specified. In this paper, the propagation characteristics in the high-speed PLC communication band of 2–30 MHz were investigated when equipment is not connected to the power line except both ends. The line constants for five typical types of cables used as single-phase and two-wire power lines were measured. Our results showed that different cables have markedly different transmission characteristics. The attenuation constant varied up to fourfold depending on the cable insulator material. We also derived a method of estimating the communication distance for different cables for application of the HD-PLC system, which is the most commonly used type of high-speed PLC. The measurement result by using VCT cable was almost agreed with the estimated value. By comparing the estimated distance with the experimental results, we show that the transmission distance can be estimated with sufficient accuracy for practical use. © 2021 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

DOI： 10.1002/tee.23535

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Rapid Calculation Method of Three-Dimensional Communication Range in HF Broadband Communication System 査読有り

Kuwahara K., Fukumoto Y., Matsushima T., Wakisaka T.

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Signal/Power Integrity, EMCSI 2022   106 - 111   2022年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

RF interference is a vital issue to construct the communication network using many Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This study proposes the rapid estimation three-dimensional communication range for the wireless communication system using magnetic field coupling of air-core coils in HF broadband communication. Firstly, an equivalent circuit for rapid calculation of transmission coefficient between transmission coils is shown. The theoretical equation for accurate calculation of the inductance of a straight conductor is derived, followed by the calculation of the total inductance of coils by combining inductances of straight conductors. Then, the calculation speed and accuracy of the proposed method are verified by the simulation and the measurement using the coil implemented on a printed circuit board (PCB). As a result, the proposed method can calculate the transmission coefficient in a few milliseconds, and the error is approximately 1 dB compared to the measurement results. Additionally, it plotted the entire communication range in 3 seconds for the case study of a 2-turns coil.

DOI： 10.1109/EMCSI39492.2022.9889342

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Electromagnetic Noise Evaluation of Transceiver IC and Communication Modules in CAN-FD Communication 査読有り

Nishida S., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

2022 IEEE CPMT Symposium Japan, ICSJ 2022   76 - 79   2022年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

EMI testing of in-vehicle equipment must be conducted during the automotive development phase. ICs used in automotive equipment need to be replaced by ICs with stable supply due to the shortage of semiconductors. However, it is inefficient to perform EMI testing for every change. Therefore, we are researching a mechanism to complete the evaluation of radiated noise generated from wire harnesses connected to in-vehicle electronic devices with a single IC. We examined and compared the results of two EMI testing methods. One is radiated emission measurement from a wire harness with equipment, while the other is the conducted emission measurement of an IC. The radiated emissions from the wiring harnesses connected to the vehicle-mounted equipment were measured in accordance with CISPR 25 (ALSE). On the other hand, the measurement of conducted emissions from a stand-alone vehicle-mounted IC complies with IEC 61967-4. As a result, it was confirmed that ICs that performed lower noise in stand-alone IC measurements also performed lower noise in mounted in-vehicle equipment. The results show that there is a relationship between the radiated noise from the wiring harness and the conducted noise generated by the individual vehicle-mounted ICs.

DOI： 10.1109/ICSJ55786.2022.10034693

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Detection of fault location in branching power distribution network using deep learning algorithm 査読有り

Nagata D., Fujioka S., Matshushima T., Kawano H., Fukumoto Y.

IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility   2022-September   655 - 660   2022年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

An immediate response is desired when any failure on overhead power distribution systems has occurred, and the TDR(Time Domain Reflecting) method has been introduced to detect fault detection locations. However, accurate detection of the fault point is difficult due to waveform distortion and decrease in amplitude of TDR pulse in complex networks with multiple branches and electric power distribution equipment such as transformers and switchgear. A method for detecting fault points from TDR waveforms using deep learning is proposed in this study. The proposed method can be applied to detect fault locations and fault types in branching power distribution networks where multiple reflected waves are observed. Since the deep learning algorithm requires a large amount of waveform data, we developed a fast simulation method to create the data. To simulate the circuit rapidly, the power distribution line was treated as a transmission line, thereby deriving the fundamental matrix of the transmission line. Additionally, the equivalent circuit model of the power distribution network was represented by cascading the fundamental matrix. The TDR waveform data was obtained rapidly by calculating the equivalent circuit using MATLAB. We used this to create many TDR waveform data of an overhead distribution network model with multiple branches and performed fault locations detection using a deep learning algorithm. As a result, it was shown that the location of accident was identified with 96.8% accuracy.

DOI： 10.1109/EMCEurope51680.2022.9901205

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Circuit analysis of common mode current in coupling coils for HF broadband communication system 査読有り

Matsushima T., Kuwahara K., Fukumoto Y.

2022 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, APEMC 2022   19 - 21   2022年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

This paper investigates common mode generation in a wideband communication system using magnetic field coupling with two coils. Two coils are placed in parallel and communicate without resonance in the frequency band below 100 MHz. In this case, the common mode current to the feeder line may cause the transmission of electromagnetic field beyond the designed communication range. The circuit analysis shows that both magnetic and electric field coupling contribute to the common mode generation. It was also suggested that the phase difference between these couplings may cancel the common mode generation.

DOI： 10.1109/APEMC53576.2022.9888658

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Basic Study of Communication System in Seawater Using Magnetic Field Coupler and Wavelet OFDM 査読有り

Hasaba R., Eguchi K., Wakisaka T., Sato H., Hirokawa J., Hirose M., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference Proceedings, APMC   2022-November   488 - 489   2022年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Since seawater has high attenuation of electromagnetic waves, the transmitting and receiving antennas are magnetically coupled using a coil with a diameter of 80 cm. The antenna is submerged in saltwater, and insertion loss is measured using a VNA. The communication speeds experiment of the UDP and TCP protocols is conducted when the distance between the transmitter and receiver antenna is changed.

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Analysis of CM-Signal Suppression Effect from DM Signal by Common-Mode Choke Coil Using Chain-Parameter Matrix 査読有り

Kuwabara N., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility and Signal/Power Integrity, EMCSI 2022   181 - 186   2022年01月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Common-mode choke coil (CMC) is used in vehicles and electronic devices to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and the analysis of the CMC effect is essential to improve the design quality of EMC. In this paper, the suppression effect of CMC for the common-mode (CM) signal converted from the differential-mode (DM) signal is analyzed using a chain-parameter matrix. The chain-parameter matrix of the CMC was obtained from the SPICE model and the measured data. And then, the amount of conversion level from DM signal to CM signal was calculated using the chain-parameter matrix of the signal source, the termination, the cable, and the CMC. The CM signal level was calculated for the shielded twisted pair cable with one pair considering imbalances of the signal source, the termination, the cable, and the CMC. The calculation value was compared to the measurement value due to confirm the validity of the method, and the calculated results were in close agreement with the measurement value. The investigation results showed that we should pay attention to the CMC imbalance when the cable is well balanced. In addition, the results suggested that the CMC should be prepared at both ends of the cable to reduce the current outside the shield.

DOI： 10.1109/EMCSI39492.2022.9889495

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短波帯広帯域通信における無線通信範囲を制限するアンテナの設計方法

仙波 拓人, 桑原 堅誠, 脇坂 俊幸, 松嶋 徹, 福本 幸弘

エレクトロニクス実装学術講演大会講演論文集 ( 一般社団法人エレクトロニクス実装学会 )   36 ( 0 )   24B5-1   2022年01月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（その他学術会議資料等）

DOI： 10.11486/ejisso.36.0_24b5-1

CiNii Research

Calculation of Radiated Emission from STP Cable by Chain-Parameter-Matrix 査読有り

Kuwabara N., Matsushima T., Fukumoto Y.

2021 Joint IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility Signal and Power Integrity, and EMC Europe, EMC/SI/PI/EMC Europe 2021   1087 - 1092   2021年07月

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

Radiated emission from shielded twisted pair (STP) cable was calculated using a chain-parameter-matrix. The series connection of the matrix represented the transmission line inside the shield, and the common-mode (CM) current was obtained by solving the matrix equation. The induction voltage on the outside of the shield was determined from the CM current using the shield's transfer impedance. The current on the outside of the shield was calculated from this induction voltage. And then, the radiated electric field was calculated from this current. The matrix elements representing the transmission line between conductors and shield were determined from the measurement, and the transfer impedance was also determined from the measurement. The line constants between shield and ground were determined from the theory by assuming the shield as a copper rod. The maximum current on the outside of the shield and the maximum radiated electric field were measured in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz, and these were compared to the calculated value. The calculation results of the maximum current intensity were well agreed with the measured value, and the calculation results of the maximum radiated electric-field strength were almost agreed with the measured value.

DOI： 10.1109/EMC/SI/PI/EMCEurope52599.2021.9559295

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Simulation of mode division multiplex transmission method in shielded four-wire cable 査読有り

Matsushima T., Sato T., Fukumoto Y., Kuwabara N.

2021 Joint IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility Signal and Power Integrity, and EMC Europe, EMC/SI/PI/EMC Europe 2021   570 - 574   2021年07月

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担当区分：責任著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（国際会議プロシーディングス）

A mode division multiplex transmission system that assigns signals to the eigenmodes of a transmission line was proposed for a cable that is uniform in the longitudinal direction. The transmission characteristics when the proposed method is used in a 1m long shielded untwisted 4-wire cable were verified by circuit simulation. It is shown that the proposed method enables four-channel simultaneous transmission. In addition, the proposed method significantly improves the crosstalk compared to the differential and single-ended transmission methods.

DOI： 10.1109/EMC/SI/PI/EMCEurope52599.2021.9559178

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