担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Dried hybrid fillers comprised of silica/CNF were successfully synthesized in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature without the usage of any precursor. The as-prepared fillers were incorporated with polypropylene (PP) as a polymer matrix through a twin-screw extruder. From surface morphology analysis, the agglomeration of the silica/CNF hybrid fillers was prevented in the PP matrix and they exhibited moderate transparency, around 17.9% and 44.6% T at 660 nm. Further, the chemical structures of the polymer composites were identified by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the insertion of silica as a co-filler to the PP matrix resulted in an increase in its degradation onset temperature and also thermal stability. In addition, the mechanical properties of the PP composites also increased after the blending process with the hybrid fillers. Overall, sample PP-SS/CNF exhibited the highest tensile strength, which was 36.8 MPa, or around 73.55% compared to the pristine PP. The improvements in tensile strength were attributed to good dispersion and enhanced efficiency of the stress transfer mechanism between the silica and the cellulose within the PP matrix. However, elongation of the sample was reduced sharply due to the stiffening effect of the filler.

DOI： 10.3390/polym14081630

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担当区分：筆頭著者,　最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Mechanochemical reaction, a green synthetic esterification route was utilized to prepare long-chain cellulose esters from microcrystalline cellulose. The influence of reaction conditions such as reaction temperature and time were elucidated. Only low dosage of oleic acid, 1-butyl-3-metylimidazolium acetate, and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride were required. The success of modification reaction was confirmed by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy as a new absorbance peak at 1731 cm⁻¹ was observed, which indicated the formation of carbonyl group (C=O). Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance was also performed to determine the structural property and degree of substitution (DS) of the cellulose oleate. Based on the results, increasing reaction temperature and reaction time promoted the esterification reaction and DS. DS values of cellulose oleates slightly decreased after 12 h reaction time. Besides, X-ray diffraction analysis showed the broadening of the diffraction peaks and thermal stability decreased after esterification. Hence, the findings suggested that grafting of oleic acid’s aliphatic chain onto the cellulose backbone lowered the crystallinity and thermal stability.

DOI： 10.3390/polym13244397

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（その他）

Cellulose succinate (CS), an anionic cellulose ester, was examined as a semi-rigid polysaccharide platform for supramolecular gelation with monoamines, typically regarded as simple counterions rather than crosslinkers. Near-stoichiometric conditions at 50 °C yielded self-supporting hydrogels within 15 to 18 h. FTIR shifts and zeta-potential changes support ammonium–carboxylate ion pairing and partial charge compensation. Reversible vapor-phase ethylamine uptake, approximately 6.5-fold higher than cellulose, indicates solid-state acid–base interaction. These findings suggest that cooperative ionic complexation and secondary interactions collectively promote monoamine-induced gelation.

DOI： 10.1093/chemle/upag136

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

DOI： 10.1021/acsapm.6c01380

記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Low-cost and easily recoverable adsorbents are urgently needed for efficient treatment of dye-contaminated wastewater. In this study, a green magnetic duckweed-derived adsorbent (MDW) was synthesized via co-precipitation of Fe<inf>3</inf>O<inf>4</inf> nanoparticles (NPs) onto dried duckweed using ascorbic acid (AA) as a reducing agent. The MDW exhibited a maximum methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity of 78.59 mg/g under optimal conditions of pH 10, 50 mg/L initial MB concentration, 10 mg adsorbent dosage, and 60 min contact time, achieving a removal efficiency of 85.27%. Kinetic analysis showed that adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model (R² > 0.999), while equilibrium data were best described by the Temkin isotherm model, indicating heterogeneous surface interactions. Thermodynamic analysis revealed an exothermic and spontaneous process with negative ΔG° values across the temperature range of 298–318 K. The MDW retained over 69% of its initial removal efficiency after five regeneration cycles, confirming good reusability. Cost analysis estimated the synthesis cost at approximately RM 29.51/kg, highlighting economic feasibility. These findings demonstrate that MDW is a sustainable, low-cost, and magnetically recoverable adsorbent with strong potential for scalable wastewater treatment applications.

DOI： 10.1007/s13399-025-06946-2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

This study demonstrates the potential of Fe-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> as an efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline (TC). The Fe-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> was synthesized using the hydrothermal method, resulting in a monoclinic heterostructure with a crystallite size ranging from 27.37 to 29.10 nm and an optical band gap of 2.69–2.87 eV. Photocatalytic tests revealed that 3 wt% Fe doping exhibited the highest degradation efficiency, removing 73.37% of TC in 120 min under a low-power (13 W) UV lamp. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was attributed to the improved electron–hole separation and optimized Fe doping concentration, which facilitated more efficient light absorption and charge carrier dynamics. Additionally, antibacterial tests confirmed the catalyst’s ability to inactivate Staphylococcus aureus, even in the absence of light, demonstrating its dual functionality in both pollutant degradation and bacterial inactivation. The cost analysis revealed that the synthesized Fe-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> costs RM 8.17 per gram, further enhancing its appeal for scalable and cost-effective applications. These findings highlight the versatility of Fe-doped BiVO<inf>4</inf> as a photocatalyst for addressing antibiotic-based pollution and waterborne pathogens, making it a promising candidate for practical applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. These findings contribute to global efforts in mitigating waterborne antibiotic and microbial pollution, particularly in regions where access to high-energy treatment technologies is limited.

DOI： 10.1007/s13369-025-10278-8

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

In this study, we synthesized a ZIF-8/graphene (Gr) composite and evaluated its photocatalytic degradation performance toward levofloxacin (LVX) under low-intensity UV light. The composite exhibited improved charge separation and enhanced reactive oxygen species (·OH, ·O<inf>2</inf>⁻, h⁺) generation compared to its individual components. Under optimal conditions (20 mg catalyst, 5 mg/L LVX, neutral pH), a 25.70% degradation was achieved after 120 min of irradiation, following pseudo-first-order (PFO) kinetics. While the degradation efficiency was modest, the catalyst operated effectively under low-energy conditions and demonstrated selective antibacterial activity against E. coli in dark conditions. These findings suggest that ZIF-8/Gr composites hold promise as dual-functional materials for pollutant mitigation and microbial control in niche wastewater applications, particularly where energy availability is limited. Further work is needed to enhance degradation efficiency and assess long-term operational stability.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-025-07444-1

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掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Amid growing concerns about antibiotic resistance in livestock systems, there is a global shift toward identifying plant-based alternatives to conventional synthetic feed additives. This study explored the physicochemical characteristics of raw Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and assessed its viability as a low-cost, functional feed additive for colored broiler chicken diets. Comprehensive characterization was conducted on the raw grass, revealing structural features and functional groups characteristic of bioactive, fibrous biomass. A subsequent feeding trial was conducted with 216 Sasso broiler chicks divided among six dietary regimens: a negative control (basal diet), a positive control (100 mg/kg oxytetracycline), and four supplementation levels of P. purpureum grass meal (1.25 to 5.00 g/kg). The highest supplementation level (5.00 g/kg) significantly enhanced growth performance (p < 0.05), reducing feed conversion ratio (FCR) while maintaining low feed intake. Economic analyses demonstrated that this treatment yielded the greatest profitability, exhibiting superior net profit margin, break-even efficiency, and margin of safety. These findings indicated P. purpureum as a promising phytogenic feed additive with dual benefits of enhancing production efficiency and promoting sustainable poultry farming.

DOI： 10.15376/biores.20.4.8654-8673

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Invasive plants threaten natural ecosystems due to their rapid spread and growth. This study used duckweed (DW) to develop a low-cost and sustainable adsorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was analysed using various techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) identified oxygen-containing functional groups on the DW surface that enhanced its adsorption capacity. Optimal adsorption conditions were achieved with an adsorbent amount of 20 mg, a pH of 10, and an initial MB concentration of 10 mg/L. Experimental data matched the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model across all concentrations, including 10 mg/L (Q<inf>e</inf> = 73.53 mg/g), 20 mg/L (Q<inf>e</inf> = 183.15 mg/g), and 50 mg/L (Q<inf>e</inf> = 200.80 mg/g). The Temkin isotherm model fit the data better than the Langmuir and Freundlich models. Adsorption decreased with increasing temperatures (ΔG^o = − 7.56 to − 8.06 kJ/mol, ΔH^o = − 4.93 kJ/mol, ΔS^o = − 6.76 kJ/mol). The primary adsorption mechanisms included electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, and π-π electron interactions. The production cost of the DW adsorbent was estimated at RM 14.40 per kg, making it a more affordable alternative. With its high adsorption capacity and wide availability, DW is a promising material for controlling dye pollution in wastewater.

DOI： 10.1007/s13399-024-06432-1

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The objective of this study was to elucidate the sulfonation behaviour of graphene oxide (GO) across a temperature range of 50 °C, 100 °C, and 150 °C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Analysis revealed a significant reduction in –OH, C-O, and O-C-O functional groups, facilitating a substantial conversion from sp³ to sp² carbon hybridization. Specifically, the sp² carbon content increased from 37.43 ± 2.0 % in GO to 50.32 ± 2.5 % in GO-SO<inf>3</inf>H50, 43.72 ± 3.0 % in GO-SO<inf>3</inf>H100, and 47.92 ± 2.8 % in GO-SO<inf>3</inf>H150. At higher temperatures, deoxygenation led to a decrease in C-S density due to the pronounced removal of oxygen moieties, which constrained the availability of functional groups for −SO<inf>3</inf>H binding. SEM imaging corroborated that sulfonated GO retained its disordered stacked layer configuration, consistent with the precursor. These results affirm that sulfonation is a viable alternative for synthesizing reduced graphene oxide (rGO), with enhanced sp² carbon content and modified structural characteristics.

DOI： 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.162678

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）

This review examines recent progress in using rare earth-based photocatalysts and their composites to degrade environmental pollutants. Rare earth elements (REEs), recognized for their unique electronic configurations and exceptional optical properties, have become effective dopants and co-catalysts, enhancing the capabilities of traditional semiconductor photocatalysts. Key enhancement strategies, including doping, co-doping, surface functionalization, and heterostructure formation, are analyzed to illustrate how they improve photocatalytic efficiency, stability, and selectivity. The review details studies on the photocatalytic degradation of various pollutants, such as dyes, antibiotics, and pesticides. It highlights how REEs contribute to better light absorption, efficient charge separation, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The review also addresses challenges with the long-term stability of doped photocatalysts, like structural degradation and dopant leaching, suggesting possible solutions to enhance durability. By providing a broad overview, this review aims to guide researchers in designing next-generation photocatalysts for environmental remediation and to support the development of more sustainable water treatment technologies. Additionally, emerging trends such as green synthesis, integration with carbon-based nanocomposites, and scalable photocatalytic applications stressed REEs’ potential in advancing eco-friendly water treatment solutions, aligning with global sustainability objectives.

DOI： 10.1007/s13762-024-06203-5

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）

There has been a growing interest in using natural alternatives to synthetic additives in animal feed. This study aimed to examine the physicochemical properties of signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and its cost-benefit application in broiler production. The characterization was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A feeding trial involving 216 Sasso broiler chicks was conducted to assess the economic value of including B. decumbens grass meal in their diets. The chicks were divided into six groups, with Treatments 1 and 2 serving as controls (without antibiotics and with oxytetracycline, respectively). Treatments 3 to 6 received diets supplemented with 1.25, 2.50, 3.75, and 5.00 g/kg of B. decumbens grass meal without antibiotics. Body weight and feed intake were monitored over eight weeks to determine growth performance and feed conversion ratio. Broilers in Treatment 6, which received 5.00 g/kg of the grass meal, showed significantly improved growth (p < 0.05). A cost-benefit analysis revealed that T6 was the most profitable, suggesting B. decumbens' potential as an effective feed additive for broilers.

DOI： 10.15376/biores.20.2.3176-3194

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担当区分：最終著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Phenolic compounds, notorious for their environmental and health hazards, demand efficient removal from wastewater. Our research leads in synthesizing bio-based graphene derivatives from biomass-derived lignin, such as graphene oxide (bGO) and reduced graphene oxide (brGO), and these materials show promise in effectively removing hydrophobic pollutants like phenol and tannic acid. Hence, this study investigated the mechanical and dynamical aspects of their sorptions by bGO and brGO. Both adsorbents demonstrated a comparable adsorption pattern, with enhanced efficiency observed at higher adsorbent dosage, prolonged contact time, neutralized pH solutions, and elevated temperatures. Of note, phenol is removed at a much greater rate (>94%) than tannic acid (>84%) by both adsorbents at a dosage of 180 mg L⁻¹, pH 6.5, 900 min, and 25 °C. The Freundlich model provided the best fit for the isotherm data of both phenol (R² = 0.99) and tannic acid (R² = 0.98), while the pseudo-second-order model effectively described the adsorption kinetics of phenol (R² = 0.99) and tannic acid (R² = 0.99). The determined activation energy exceeds 5.88 kJ mol⁻¹, affirming the prevalence of physisorption as the dominant mechanism in the adsorption process. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed that the adsorption process is endothermic (ΔH) and occurs spontaneously (ΔG), indicating a random (ΔS) nature. However, the percentage removal plunged considerably after five consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles, attributed to the alterations of active sites on bGO and brGO.

DOI： 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143490

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The reduction of nitrophenols is a broadly accepted model for catalytic processes. Incorporating nanostructures into porous materials is becoming more widely acknowledged for its great importance. This strategy has attracted much interest because of its exceptional features imparted on the catalysts, offering enormous promise in accelerating the reduction of nitrophenols. In recent years, various nanostructures have been embedded to a wide range of porous materials, such as carbon, silica, metal-organic frameworks, and other inorganic materials. These porous frameworks possess unique physical and chemical characteristics, making them well-suited for catalytic applications. This thorough review begins by explaining the mechanism of nitrophenol reduction, exploring several nanostructures based on noble metals that are commonly used for catalytic reduction. Following that, a systematic description and comparison of nitrophenols catalytic reduction using various nanostructures on porous templates such as carbon-based, silica-based, zeolite-based, polymer-based, and metal-organic frameworks (MOF) were explained. In addition, this paper also examines several functional materials to enhance the catalytic reduction of nitrophenols. Herein, this write-up intends to narrow the knowledge gap on the recently synthesized catalysts and the practical requirements for removing nitrophenol. This write-up is hoped to offer valuable insights that can aid in the practical utilization of these catalysts for wastewater remediation applications.

DOI： 10.1007/s10934-024-01618-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Converting lignocellulosic materials to carbon quantum dots (CQDs) has garnered significant interest to transform biomass wastes into highly valuable products. We chose to use lignin as our feedstock because high-value products more readily utilize cellulose and hemicellulose. Lignin, arguably the most underutilized and complex biopolymer within any biomass, presents an appealing yet overlooked opportunity. While some may argue that lignin-based CQDs are no longer groundbreaking, this is because existing studies typically rely on commercially available lignin, ignoring biomass-derived sources. Therefore, in our pioneering research, we utilized organosolv lignin, prized for its structural purity and extracted from Moso bamboo waste, as the carbon source in a facile two-step technique to synthesize luminous CQDs. The process involved the addition of 2,4-diaminobenzenesulfonic acid, a mild-organic acid that acted as a source for both nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S). A 12-h hydrothermal treatment at 200 °C with 0.1 M of acid addition attained the best result. The resultant CQDs display strong green fluorescence, with the highest quantum yield of 17.7% seen in N and S co-doped CQDs. With their obvious and specific fluorescence quenching impact on Fe³⁺, CQDs demonstrate great potential as a fluorescent nanoprobe for metal ion detection. This CQD nanoprobe responds very sensitively to Fe³⁺ between 0 and 500 μM (R² = 0.9803), with a detection limit of 0.15 μM. This research not only presents a unique alternative nanoprobe for the sensing field using renewable biomass lignin, but it also paves the way for the long-term, cost-effective, and scalable manufacturing of CQDs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.142852

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The strategic integration of bio-based catalytic design principles and the intricacies of microwave irradiation offers a viable path to improving the sustainability and efficiency of biodiesel production. In this work, we produced novel biomass-derived sulfonated graphene oxide (bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H) and reduced graphene oxide (brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H), examining their collaborative effects with microwave irradiation on reaction efficacy. Sulfonation in catalysts was evident through 1) reduced mass loss during thermal decomposition (bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 34.5 %; brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 29.4 %) compared to precursors (bGO: 55.6 %; brGO: 20.3 %), indicating decreased oxygen-containing functional groups; 2) higher TPD-acidic sites (bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 3.17 mmol g⁻¹; brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 3.24 mmol g⁻¹), supported by titration-acid density (bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 2.97 mmol g⁻¹; brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 3.83 mmol g⁻¹); and 3) additional C<inf>1s</inf> peaks attributed to C-S bonds in sulfonic moieties and a significant increase in sp² carbon content compared to their precursors, confirmed by I<inf>D</inf>/I<inf>G</inf> ratio reduction (bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 1.09 to 0.98, brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H: 0.99 to 0.95). Despite modest surface areas (18–44 m²/g), both catalysts exhibited significantly elevated acid densities (0.05–4.83 mmol g⁻¹) post-sulfonation. Under optimized conditions (2 wt% catalysts, 25:1 methanol-to-oil ratio, 25 min at 75 °C), bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H yielded 90.97 % FAME yield, while brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H achieved 97.45 % with a reduced dosage (1.5 wt%), shorter time (20 min), and less methanol (20:1). Despite catalytic deactivation, our study demonstrates reduced catalyst consumption, a lower reaction temperature, and a shortened conversion time compared to prior findings, thereby enhancing the efficiency of biodiesel production.

DOI： 10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131580

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

Enhanced reaction performance is what has piqued interest in using graphene-based catalysts in producing biodiesel. However, in-depth analyses were lacking from a kinetic and thermodynamic standpoint. This means that a well-designed experiment is necessary to determine the effect that the graphene catalysts have on the reaction rates and yields. This work addresses the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification using sulphonated biomass-derived graphene catalysts, i.e., bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H and brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H. It was accomplished using the pseudo-first order mechanism and the Eyring-Polanyi equation, with all data fitting satisfactorily in both models at the ideal reaction temperature of 353.15 K, resulting in R² values of 0.9784 (bGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H) and 0.9884 (brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H). The calculated activation energy (Ea) was determined to be 44.45 and 51.73 kJ mol^-1 for bGO- and brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H, respectively. Additionally, the Gibbs free energy (ΔG) values were determined at −38.09 and −31.81 kJ mol⁻¹ for bGO- and brGO-SO<inf>3</inf>H, respectively. Meanwhile, the values for ΔH and ΔS were obtained as 41.69 kJ mol⁻¹ and 225.93 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively, and 48.96 kJ mol⁻¹ and 228.72 J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹, respectively. These collective outcomes collectively signify the endothermic nature of the reaction and their spontaneity, particularly under elevated temperature conditions.

DOI： 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107236

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

The demand for sustainable and renewable materials has prompted extensive research on lignocellulosic biomass as a potential feedstock for advanced nanomaterials. This article describes the sequential processes of iron-catalyzed graphitization, improved Hummer’s method, and low-temperature thermal annealing designed to transform ethanosolv lignin into bio-based graphene products. The lignin undergoes a metamorphosis during graphitization, transforming into turbostratic crystallite with a unique flake-like configuration at high temperatures in a tightly sealed muffle furnace. Following oxidation, the structure of the resultant graphite undergoes dynamic changes, leading to exfoliation-induced distancing of the sheets of graphene layers. Notwithstanding the reduction process, the geometrical morphology of its oxidized state remains unaltered, preserving the lamellar configuration. Notably, the resulting graphitized lignin showcases a substantial carbon content exceeding 75 wt % and a relatively low oxygen content below 16 wt %. In contrast, graphene oxides (GOs) exhibit elevated oxygen levels resulting from the introduction of oxygen moieties during the oxidation step, which subsequently diminishes following thermal annealing. Diffraction patterns confirm the presence of (001), (002), and (100) planes in all graphene-based materials, indicating an aromatic ring orientation. Oxidation affects interlayer spacing with GOs exhibiting larger distances than graphitized lignin and reduced graphene oxides (rGOs). Graphitization increases the sp²carbon composition by removing volatiles and mineral matter. Oxidation increases the sp³carbon composition, but it decreases after thermal annealing due to the partial removal of oxygen species, leading to a reorientation of the sp²carbon configuration.

DOI： 10.1021/acssusresmgt.3c00048

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）

This study leverages the autoclave-assisted method to explore a range of acid catalysts (H<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf>, HCl, HNO<inf>3</inf>, H<inf>3</inf>PO<inf>4</inf>) and solvents (methanol, ethanol, acetone, 2-butanol, 2-propanol) for lignin extraction, with a focus on identifying optimal efficiency-enhancing combinations. By contrasting the performance of various acid catalysts and solvents, this work transcends previous efforts in this field. Notably, H<inf>2</inf>SO<inf>4</inf> yields the highest lignin recovery (44.7 %) but with lower purity (78.4 %) compared to HCl (85.7 %) in the same solvent. Methanol yields the highest recovery (45.1 %), yet lower purity (79.2 %) than ethanol (85.7 %) with a similar catalyst. A pivotal improvement lies in the elucidation of structural purity, substantiated by IR and NMR resulting signals, supported by microscale morphology and chemical composition (SEM-EDX). This study extends current understanding, providing profound insights into optimizing extraction procedures for producing lignin with desired attributes.

DOI： 10.1016/j.biteb.2023.101622

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開催期間： 2025年12月03日 - 2025年12月05日   記述言語：英語  

開催期間： 2025年11月10日 - 2025年11月11日   記述言語：英語  

開催期間： 2025年11月06日 - 2025年11月08日   記述言語：英語  

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開催期間： 2025年07月10日 - 2025年07月11日   記述言語：英語  

開催期間： 2025年06月23日 - 2025年06月27日   記述言語：英語  

開催期間： 2025年03月11日 - 2025年03月13日   記述言語：英語